Bamboo has been known by society as a building material for a long time. In general, building parts that can be made from bamboo is much cheaper when compared with other building materials for the same purpose. Bamboo also can be used as building elements (structure) is strong, durable, and resistant to earthquake. However, the alternative use of bamboo as a material element of buildings in East Java, especially in Surabaya has not been much and not maximized. This is due to information and research on bamboo material has not reached to the community, so people just base their bamboo construction of experiences that have been done by our ancestors. Studies on the utilization of bamboo materials as an alternative building element is preceded by an analysis of physical and mechanical properties of bamboo. The physical properties of the density of water content and density, while the mechanical properties of compressive strength, flexural strength, shear strength, and tensile strength. The analysis was carried out at the link above, the middle segment, and lower segments of bamboo materials, to further carried out data collection on the strength on each - each segment. From this study showed that strength - average in every link has varied for all experiments as well as physical and mechanical properties. Analysis of variance of data obtained in the experiment the water content showed that there was no correlation between the position of the specimens with water content. The analysis also showed that the strength of bamboo is strongly influenced by the humidity of thick bamboo and bamboo walls.
Bamboo Preservation
Development of bamboo is always hampered by the resistance of bamboo material. Not a bit wary consumers who use the product as perishable edible bamboo powder beetles. Bamboo Companions present to overcome this problem with the motto "Not the Bamboo name If Not Preserved!". Our method of treating bamboo with Vertical Soak Diffusion (VSD) using a borate solution which has proven its worth prolong the life of bamboo to tens of years. Sahabat Bamboo has two pickling facilities with a total capacity of 4000 bamboo per month. We also are building preservation system pressure tank with a capacity of 6,000 bamboo per month. To ensure customer satisfaction, we continue to conduct research and development of methods of preservation is a powerful, efficient, inexpensive and environmentally friendly.
Conservation of Bamboo
Utilization of bamboo must be supported by the efforts of reforestation and management of eco-friendly. We are very concerned to maintain the availability of bamboo, not only for the needs of production, also to increase people's income and environmental quality. Bamboo produces seven times more biomass than forest trees. In addition, bamboo plays a role in preventing erosion because it can strengthen the bonds holding the particles and soil erosion. Therefore, the utilization of bamboo must be integrated with conservation efforts for bamboo remain available in sufficient quantity and good quality. We provide consulting and training services including management of bamboo cultivation, grove management, and product development of sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Bamboo Construction
Bamboo has a strength that can dipersaingkan with steel. Due to the high flexibility and strength, the bamboo structure is earthquake resistant buildings. Unfortunately, so far the strength of bamboo has not been matched by a strong connection technique. In collaboration with Prof. Morisco, Sahabat Bamboo apply the construction with the connection technique which has proven its strength in the laboratory and in the field. Various school buildings, houses, gazebos, and sheds have been erected. Blend between the strength, flair architect, and efficacy of preservatives to produce a strong construction, earthquake resistant, beautiful, and lasting up to tens of years. Sahabat Bamboo is ready to serve you who want a quality bamboo buildings, both small and large scale.
The types of bamboo that Economic Value:
- Bambusa bambos
Height, diameter and color bars: Height reached 30 m (the walls are very thick trunk and thick hairy stems); 15-18 cm (20-40 cm distance of the book), light green.
Places to grow: Wet soil, along the rivers.
Cultivation: Spacing 6 m. x 6 m. 50-10 kg of compost fertilizer at planting time is useful for early growth. Fertilization with NPK will increase the biomass. This type is less suitable for large scale because of the barbed so difficult in the harvesting. Harvesting can be done by cutting as high as 2 m of land.
Harvesting and Results: harvest may begin after the age of 3-4 years. Save 80-10 stems per clump to maintain production levels. Avoid taking risoma for multiplication because it can damage the grove. Annual productivity can reach about 5000-8000 stems / ha.
Benefits: Rebungnya (vegetable), leaves (fodder), and seedlings (secondary foodstuffs) to the trunk (for household and building materials). This type is useful as a flood control when planted along the river and protecting plants from strong winds. The trunk is used for pulp, paper and plywood. This species can also be used in the manufacture of shoe polish, glue adhesives, carbon paper and kraft paper waterproof. Soaking bamboo leaves are used for conditioning the eye and treat the disease (bronchitis, fever, and gonorrhea).
- Bambusa vulgaris
Height, diameter and color bars: Reaching 10-20 m high (very thin hairy stem and stem wall thickness 7-15 mm); 40-10 cm (20-45 cm distance of books); yellow striped dark green.
Places to grow: Start lowland until height of 1200 m, on marginal land or along the river, ground pools, optimal pH 5 to 6.5, grows best in the lowlands.
Cultivation: Spacing 8 m × 4 m (312 clumps / ha). Provision of fertilizer is highly recommended for meningkatlkan results. Dosage of fertilizer per hectare is 20-30 kg N 0.0 to 15 kg P, 10-15 kg and 20-30 kg K Si. Spiny branches and basic cleaning old clump will increase production and facilitate harvesting of bamboo.
Harvesting and Results: Harvesting can begin after 3-year-old plant, began production peak age of 6-8 years. Bamboo shoots can be harvested 1 week after discharge from the surface. One family in a year to produce new stem 3-4. Annual production is estimated to generate about 2250 stem dry weight or 20 tons / ha.
Benefits: Water boiled young shoots yellow bamboo used to treat hepatitis. The trunk is widely used for the furniture industry, building, boat equipment, fences, pole buildings and also very good for the danger of raw paper.
- Dendrocallamus asper
Height, diameter and color bars: High reach 20-30 m (thick hairy stem and stem wall Ebal 11-36 mm); 80-20 cm (10-20 cm distance of books on the bottom and 30-50 cm at the top); brown.
Places to grow: Start lowland to 1500 m altitude, grow best at altitudes between 400-500 m with annual rainfall about 2400 mm. Grows in all soil types but best in well drained soil.
Cultivation: Spacing 8m x 4m (312 clumps / ha). Provision of fertilizer is recommended to increase yield. Dose of fertilizer every year is 100-300 kg / ha of NPK (15:15:15). To reproduce new shoots are strongly encouraged to provide litter around the clump.
Harvesting and Results: Harvesting can begin after 3-year-old plant, began production peak age of 5-6 years; for the harvesting of bamboo shoots conducted one week after the shoots emerge to the surface. A mature clump can produce new stems 10-12 per year (with 400 family produces about 4500-4800 stems / ha). The annual productivity of bamboo shoots can produce 10-11 to bamboo shoots / ha and for 400 clumps per ha can reach 20 tons of bamboo shoots.
Benefits: Bamboo shoot bamboo shoot of this type is the best with the sweet taste made for vegetables. The trunk is used for construction materials (housing and bridges), cooking utensils, even for a water reservoir. Many are used for house construction, roof with overlapping prepared, and the walls are made broken down by plupu.
- Dendrocallamus strictus
Height, diameter and color bars: Reaching 8-16 m tall (thick hairy stem and stem wall thickness up to 1 cm), 2.5 to 12.5 cm (range 30-45 cm book); green - yellow - opaque.
Places to grow: In all types of soil, especially sandy clay soil with good drainage with a pH of 5.5 to 7.5. The height from sea level to 1200 with optimal rainfall 1000-3000 mm per year.
Cultivation: Climate and soil type holds the key to the success of this type of planting. If the soil depleted of nutrients or too dry or illness will affect the elasticity of the bamboo (easily broken) and can cause leaf loss. Temperatures should range between 20-30 degrees C (min 5 degrees C, max 45 degrees C). NPK fertilizer application is highly recommended (eg 15:15:15 mixture to 200 kg / ha). Spacing 3-5 x 3-5 m m (400-1000 clumps / ha).
Harvesting and Results: Done after 3-4 years. Cutting can be done in less than 30 cm above the ground and / distance above the second book. The annual productivity of 400 clump plantings could reach about 3.5 tons of bamboo or with 200 clumps can reach 2.8 tons of bamboo.
Benefits: Used for pulp and paper materials, plywood, building, furniture, wicker, agricultural equipment, and livestock. The leaves used to feed livestock.
- Gigantochloa apus
Height, diameter and color bars: Reaching 8-30 m tall (thick hairy stem and stem wall thickness of 1.5 cm); 4-13 cm (range 20-75 books); glaucous tend shiny yellow.
Places to grow: This species can grow in the lowlands, plateaus (or hilly) to 1500 m. In fact also can be grown in sandy clay.
Cultivation: Planting of this type should be performed between December samapai March. To increase the productivity can be compost or chemical fertilizers, plant spacing 5-7 m2.
Harvesting and Results: Done after 1-3 years in dry season (between April to October) on the trunk that has been aged more than 2 years. Productivity in one clump is 6 bar. Annual productivity can produce about 1000 stems / ha.
Benefits: Usually used as a hedge trimmer. The trunk can also be used as a means of making the handle of an umbrella, fishing equipment, handicrafts (bookshelf), pulp and paper industry and penghalau high winds (wind-break).
- Gigantochloa atroviolacea
Height, diameter and color bars: High reach 2 m (thin hairy stem / smooth and thick, the stem wall up to 8 mm), 6-8 cm (range 40-50 cm book); From the green-purplish-brown or black.
Places to grow: Lowland tropical land, berlembab, with annual rainfall reaches 1500-3700 mm, with approximately 70% relative humidity and temperature of 20-32 degrees C. Can also grow in dry rocky soil or soil (volcanic) red. If planted in dry rocky soil, the color purple on the rod will be seen more clearly.
Cultivation: Spacing 8 m x 7 m (200 clumps / ha). It is advisable to always take about watering, cleaning weeds and soil penggemburan continuously for 2-3 years after initial planting. Cleaning up old family foundation and re-excavation soil will increase the production of bamboo shoots.
Harvesting and Results: Harvesting can be started after the plants aged 4-5 years with production of 20 cigarettes per 3 years (or with 200 clumps / ha to produce some 4000 stems / ha in 3 years).
Benefits: Used for the manufacture of musical instruments like angklung, calung, xylophone and zither. It also serves to industrial materials and furniture making handicrafts. Rebungnya can be used as a vegetable.
- Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea
Height, diameter and color bars: High reach 70-30 m (thick hairy stem and stem wall thickness up to 2 cm); 5-13 cm (range of books to 40-45 cm); green or greenish-colored light green.
Places to grow: On the sandy clay / sandy soil with a height of up to 1200 m above sea level with annual rainfall 2350-4200 mm, temperature 20-32 degrees C with relative humidity levels around 70%.
Cultivation: Spacing 8 m x 8 m. Organic fertilizer and compost at the beginning of the planting is very useful for increasing production. Also recommended for cleaning weeds, watering and penggemburan note on the ground. Cleaning up old family foundation and re-excavation soil will spur the growth of new stems.
Harvesting and Results: Harvesting can be started after the age of 3 years by cutting the stem just above ground dry season and should be selected for harvest. For the regeneration of new stems are encouraged to explore and re-close the remaining harvest the stem base with plastic. The annual production output to 275 clumps / ha produced around 1650 stems / ha or 6 stems / clump.
Benefits: Used for building materials, plumbing, furniture, household appliances, eating chopsticks, toothpicks, and music equipment. Rebungnya can be cooked into the vegetables.
For Bamboo Preservation Process can be found here
To view The Design of Bamboo Material can be found here
To view The Building Bamboo can be found here
To view The Design of Bamboo Material can be found here
To view The Building Bamboo can be found here
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